What is the role of DHCP in IP networking?

• A. Routes packets between subnets
• B. Encrypts data for secure transmission
• C. Automatically assigns IP addresses and related config (subnet mask, gateway, DNS) to hosts
• D. Resolves hostnames to IP addresses

Answer: (C)

DHCP automatically assigns IP addresses and related network configuration to hosts, making it easy for devices to join a network without manual setup. A DHCP server maintains a pool of IP addresses and leases one to each client along with the subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS servers. When a device connects, it goes through a quick bonding process (Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledgment) to obtain its settings and a lease duration, after which the address can be renewed or returned to the pool. This automation prevents IP conflicts and simplifies administration, especially in networks with many devices. DHCP does not route packets between subnets (that’s done by routers), it does not encrypt data (that’s handled by security protocols), and it does not translate hostnames to IPs (that’s DNS).